Disease | Causative organism |
---|---|
TB | Mycobacterium Tuberculosis |
Mumps | Paramyxo virus |
Measles | Myxo virus |
Common cold | Rhino virus |
Influenza | Orthomixo Virus |
Rabies or (Hydrophobia) | Rhabdo virus |
Sleeping Sickness | Trypanosoma brucei |
Kala-Azar (blood lessness) | protozoa parasite |
Filaria | Filaria worm |
Cholera | Vibro cholerae |
Typhoid | Typhoid bacillus |
Deficiency Diseases
Diseases | Deficiency |
---|---|
Beri Beri | Vitamin B |
Scurvy | Vitamin C |
Rickets | Vitamin D |
Simple Goitre | Iodine |
Nitrobactor, Nitrosomonas converts (Amonia) NH3 into Nitrates & Nitrates
Rhizobium, Azotobacter bacteria can fix atmospheric nitrogen into Ammonia. This process is known as Nitrogen fixation.
Archaebacteria can live without oxygen , High Salt Condition , High Temperature 80oC and High acidic soil.
All Unicellular plants are called Phytoplanktons
All unicellular animals are called Zooplanktons
1nm = 10-9m (OR) 1 meter = 109nm
Virus that infects bacteria are called Bacteriaphage
Diseases caused by bacteria in plants
Host | Disease | Pathogens |
---|---|---|
Citrus | Citrus Canker | Xanthomonas Citri |
Rice | Bacterial Blight | Xanthomonas Oryzae |
Cotton | Angular leaf spot | Xanthomonas Malvacearum |
Pears | Fire blight Solenacearum | Pseudomonas |
Carrot | Softrot | Erwinia Carratovora |
Diseases caused by bacteria in animals
Host | Disease | Pathogens |
---|---|---|
Sheep | Anthrrax | Bacillus anthracis |
Cattle | Brucellosis | Brucella abortus |
Sheep, Goat | Brucellosis | Brucella melitensis |
Diseases caused by bacteria in Human Beings
Cholera | Vibrio Cholerae |
Typhoid | Salmonilla Typhi |
TB | Mycobacterium tuberculous |
Common cold | Rhino virus |
Bacteria Acetobacter aceti is used to create vinegar from alcohol
Antibiotics from bacteria
Bacitracin | ( Bacillus subtilus ) |
Polymyxin | ( Bacillus Plymixa ) |
Streptomycin | ( Streptomyus griseus ) |
Bacteria Escherichia Coli ( E. Coli ) lives in human intestine and produces Vitamin K and Vitamin B-Complex.
Phycology ( or ) Algology - Study of Algae
Mycology - Study of Fungi
In Fungi storage product is glycogen and oil.
Virus :- ( Termed by M . W . Beijenck )
All Virus are nucleoprotein particles, it has Either DNA or RNA, never both.
VIROIDS : - A pathogenic much smaller than virus, It has a small circular RNA molecule without a Protein.coat.
PRIONS :- Extremely small particle, exclusively protein without a nucleic acid.
Plantae Kingdom
Plantae :- Its a multicellular organism with rigid cell wall. Nutrition mostly Photosynthetic, but few species absorptive ( Saprophytes or Parasites )
Anthophyta ( known as angiosperms) are flowering plants
Division Anthophyta is classified into two classes Monocotyledones and Dicotyledones
Animalia
Cell
Cell :- A typical cell consisting of a mass of cytoplasm, having the centre nucleus and semi - permeable covering called plasma membrane.
number of cells performing the same function forms the tissue
An organ is formed by the combination of simple or complex tissue. Number of organs forms a system.
ALGAE
Chlorophyll Present
Storage Products - Carbohydrates
Reproduction - Vegetative, Asexual & Sexual
Lichens: A symbiotic plant - Blue green algae and fungi together
Except Cyanophyceae other classes of algae are eukaryotic in nature
Usage of Algae
Chlorellas and Spirulina rich protein source.
Chlorella source of vitamin A, B & C used as food for astronauts
Pollination :- Transfer of pollens from anther to stigma
Pollination affected by
- Wind - Anemophily
- Insects - Entomophily
- Water - Hydrophily
- Animals - Zoophily
- Snails - Malacophily
- Birds - Ornithogamy
Germination : The process by which the dormant embryo (with in the seed) wakes up.
Transpiration :- Loss of excess water by plant in the form of vapour.
Guttation :- Loss of water in the form of water, mainly take place during night. water which comes out contains dissolved minerals.
Rate of photosynthesis is highest in red light and lowest in green light.
Hormones found in Plants
Auxins:- Growth promoting substance
Gibberelline :- It helps in the elongation (as auxin) helps flowering, breaking of dormancy of the seed.
VERNALIZATION :-
It is a treatment given to seeds before sowing to hasten the time of flowering of plants that will develop from them.
Benefits: Induce earlier flowering and earlier maturing of the crop to escape drought, flood and forst.
Photoperiodism : is a response of plants flowering to the timing of light and darkness
Artificial vegetative Propogation
- Cutting
- Grafting
- Budding
- Tissue Culture
What is Haldane effect ?
The Haldane effect is a property of hemoglobin.
Haldane effect was first described by John Scott Haldane.
Oxygenation of blood in the lungs displaces carbon dioxide from hemoglobin which increases the removal of carbon dioxide. This property is the Haldane effect. Conversely, oxygenated blood has a reduced affinity for carbon dioxide.